MUSCULAR+SYSTEM

** The Muscular System **
= Muscle Organization and Function = =Muscular system=

• Includes all skeletal muscle tissue that can be controlled voluntarily
=Organization of skeletal muscle fibers=

• Circular muscle (sphincter)
= = =Levers=

• Most common in the body
= Muscle Terminology = =Origins and Insertions=

• Insertion = movable end
=Actions=

• Fixator
=Names of skeletal muscles=

• Action
=Axial and Appendicular Muscles=

• Appendicular musculature moves and stabilizes components of the appendicular skeleton
= The Axial Muscles = =Axial muscles=

• Pelvic floor
=Muscles of the head and neck=

• Platysma
= = =Extrinsic eye muscles (oculomotor or extra-ocular muscles)=

• Inferior and superior oblique muscles
= = =Muscles of mastication=

• Pterygoid muscles
= = =Muscles of the tongue (speech, swallowing and mastication)=

• Styloglossus
= = =Muscle of the pharynx=

• Palatal muscles
= = =Muscle of the neck=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Seven muscles that originate or insert on the hyoid
=Muscles of the vertebral column=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Iliocostalis
= = =Muscles of the vertebral column=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Quadratus lumborum
= = =Oblique and rectus muscles=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Diaphragm
= = =Muscles of the pelvic floor=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Pelvic diaphragm
= =

=<span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">The Appendicular Muscles = =Muscles of the shoulders and upper arms=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Teres minor muscles
= = =More shoulder movements=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Latissimus dorsi muscles
=Muscles that affect the elbow=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Aconeus muscle extends the elbow
=Muscles that affect the wrist=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Extensor carpi ulnaris
= = =Muscles that affect the forearm=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Supinator muscle
= = =Muscles of the pelvis and lower limbs=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Pulls on the iliotibial tract
= = =Lateral rotators of the leg=

Adductors perform a variety of functions
=Iliopsoas muscle=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Powerful flexor of the hip
=Flexors of the knee=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Popliteus muscle unlocks the knee joint
=Extensors of the knee=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Rectus femoris muscle
=Movements at the ankle=

•<span style="font: normal normal normal 7pt/normal 'Times New Roman';"> Foot position and toe movement is accomplished by muscles originating on the talus and metatarsal bones
= <span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">Aging and the Muscular System = =With aging=